CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 169 CHAPTER V. (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) RISE AND GROWTH OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Organized 1806. The First Presbyterian Church had its origin in Franklinton, and was organized on the 8th of February, 1806, as the First Presbyterian Church of Franklin county : pastor, Rev. James Hoge ; elders, Robert Culbertson, Wil- 170 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS liam Read; trustees, Joseph Dixon, John Dill, David Nelson, William Domigan, Joseph Hunter, Lucas Sullivant. The formal organization of the church was under the charge of Rev. R. G. Wilson of Chillicothe and the following members were accepted: Colonel and Mrs. Robert Culbertson, William and Mrs. Read, David and Mrs. 'Nelson, Michael and Mrs. Fisher, Robert and Mrs. Young, Mrs. Margaret Thompson, Mrs. Susanna McCoy and Miss Catherine Kessler. Among the later members were : Lucas Sullivant, William Shaw, John Turner, Joseph Hunter, John Hunter, John Turner, Adam Turner, J. Hamlin, S. G. Flenniken, John Dill, Michael Fisher, J. McGowan, George Skidmore, Samuel King, William Brown; Sr., Joseph Park, David Jameson. Andrew Park, John Overdier, Jacob Overdier, Charles Hunter, John Lisle, J. McElvaine, M. Hess, M. Thompson, Robert Young, William Domigan, John McCoy, Joseph Smart, Isaac Smart, S. Powers, Jos. Dickinson, Joseph Cowghill. In 1805, the afterward distinguished Dr. Hoge, then a young man, first arrived in Franklinton as a missionary; and after laboring in that capacity for some time, he formed a regular church, of which he remained the head until he resigned his charge, in 1857. In 1807 he was regularly employed by his church and congregation to minister to their religious wants. The following is a copy verbatim of the call upon him for that purpose and to which he acceded. The old document, in the hand writing of Lucas Sullivant, is still preserved as a relic of past times "The congregation of Franklinton, being on sufficient ground well satisfied of the ministerial qualifications of you, James Hoge, and having good hopes from our past experience of your labors, that your ministration in the Gospel will be profitable to our spiritual interests, do earnestly call and desire you to undertake the pastoral office in said congregation; promising you in the discharge of your duty, all proper support, encouragement and obedience in the Lord: And that you may be free from worldly cares and avocations, we hereby promise and oblige ourselves to pay to you the sum of three hundred dollars, in half yearly payments, annually, for three-fourths of your time, until we find ourselves able to give you a. compensation for the whole of your time, in like proportion, during the time of your being and continuing the regular pastor of this church. In testimony whereof, we have respectively subscribed our names, this 25th day of September, Anno Domini 1807. "ROBERT CULBERTSON, "WILLIAM READ, "Elders. "JOSEPH DIXON, "JOSEPH DILL, "DAVID NELSON, "WILLIAM DOMIGAN "JOSEPH HUNTER, "LUCAS SULLIVANT, "Trustees." The house in which the congregation first held their religious meetings in Franklinton was a two-story frame and was still standing in 1858, when PAGE 171 - REV. JAMES HOGE, D.D. PAGE 172 -BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 173 the semi-centennial was celebrated, some two hundred yards northward from the old courthouse. The sessions of the supreme court of Franklin county were first held in the same building. It so happened, that Parson Hoge traveled from Springfield to Franklinton in company with Judge Baldwin, who, pleased with the young candidate for holy orders, tendered him the use of the room occupied by the court; and here the small band of worshipers first assembled for religious service. The next church building was a very plain one-story brick house, erected on the bank of the river, near the old Franklinton burying-ground. The society's next step was their removal to the infant town of Columbus. In the spring of the year 1814 they erected a log cabin about twenty-five by thirty .feet on the ground near the corner of Spring and Third streets. Service was held at times in this, but principally at the Franklinton brick church, until the year 1818, when a frame building, or rather three frames connected and forming but one inside or large room, was erected on the west side of Front street, south of town, where Dr. Hoge administered to his congregation until the erection of the First Presbyterian church, in 1830, at the corner of State and Third streets, and the first services were held in it on the first Sunday in December, 1830. In 1855 this building underwent a general remodeling, under the direction of Mr. R. A. Sheldon, architect, and here services were continued to be held until preparations were completed to remove to Bryden road and Ohio avenue, and the site was disposed of. On the 8th of February, 1856, the church held a semi-centennial celebration in the church building, in honor to their venerable and highly respected pastor-at which Dr. Hoge himself was the interesting and imposing character most observed. He delivered the address on the occasion. It was an interesting recital of the circumstances attending his advent into this then wilderness, and the progress of the church and society generally since that period. The Rev. Mr. Hall and Rev. Mr. Smith, both of the Presbyterian church, also spoke on the occasion. Under the direction of Joseph Sullivant, Esq., whose familiarity with the church made it an easy and pleasant duty, a number of well executed pictures were hung around the room, at once disclosing a striking and graphic history of the church improvements above referred to. The pillars were decorated with festoons of evergreens and flowers. The tables were admirably arranged, under the direction of firs. Kelsey, and the supper was worthy of the occasion. The whole thing passed off well and was a solemn but pleasant celebration. Half Century Organization. The church organization at the date of the half-century was : pastor, Rev. Edgar Woods; elders, James Cherry, Isaac Dalton, Thomas Moodie, James S. Abbott, William M. Awl, Alfred Thomas; trustees, Robert Neil, M. L. Sullivant, D. W. Deshler, James D. Osborn, George M. Parsons. The membership of the First church, according to a local authority, was one hundred and seventy-five. During the last eight or ten years of Dr. loge's administration he was assisted by various ministers of the denomination. On Sunday, June 28. 1857, he delivered an appropriate address, resigned the 174 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS charge and was succeeded by Rev. Edgar Woods, formerly of Wheeling, Virginia. who was regularly installed on the 30th day of the same month. Dr. Hoge is described, by a. contemporary, when he was approaching fourscore, as tall, erect and robust in figure, the embodiment of healthful, contented and happy age, with hair but little whitened with the frosts of time. His long and useful career came to a. peaceful and triumphant close in Columbus, Ohio, on the 22d of September, 1863, at the age of eighty-nine, with but little impairment of his physical and mental powers. He was born in Moorefield, Hardy county, Virginia, July 4, 1784. He had lived an active, laborious life, and lived it well and becomingly, and thus escaped most of the ills flesh is traditionally heir to.. That the life of Dr. Hoge and the growth of Presbyterianism in the capital of Ohio, in the central regions of the state, is fully shown by a. remarkably vivid memorial written by Dr. E. D. Morris, of Columbus, who, like Dr. Hoge, was, or rather is, a man of great mental and physical powers and still lives in flesh and in vigorous age, to cheer and edify his many admiring friends. This memorial was written by Dm. Morris in 1870, and printed in the June number of "Our Monthly." a religious and literary magazine for the family, published in Cincinnati. Dr. Morris describes the primitive conditions in central Ohio at the beginning of the nineteeth century, and the obstacles of all kinds that met James Hoge, a young beginner in the vineyard, in 1803. Dr. Hoge, then a young man, visited Highland county, Ohio, to transact some secular business and strive for a betterment of health. He resolved to become a permanent citizen of the newly erected state. He was twenty years old. Preliminary thereto he returned to Virginia to earn the means to begin his labors in the wilderness. His father, Moses D. Hoge, was a famous Presbyterian divine in the Old Dominion, and for the fifteen closing years of his life had been president of Hampton Sidney College. James taught school and studied theology under private tutors. On April 17, 1805, he was licensed to preach in the Presbytery of Lexington, Virginia. In the same year he received a commission from the general assembly to preach the gospel as a missionary in Ohio. As already stated, he was "called" to the ministry in Franklinton (now Columbus) , which he accepted, -was regularly ordained and began his ministry in the courthouse of Franklin county. He reached out to the surrounding towns and planted the seeds for other churches. Log and clapboarded houses served for his first church edifices, even the locations of which are being rapidly effaced. The first church numbered about fifty members, and they were scattered over not less than five hundred square miles from Walnut creek on the east, to Darby on the west, and from Dublin on the north to near Circleville on the south. A second congregation grew tip in 1808, in what is now Truro township. When Columbus was surveyed in 1812 and the east bank of the river began to become populated, and in 1814 an edifice twenty-five by thirty feet, made wholly of hickory saplings and christened by common consent "The Hickory Church," was erected on Spring run, near the corner of Spring and Third streets. Here he conducted services as well as in the Truro church. Then in CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 175 1821 a. more pretentious house was erected at Front and Town streets. It was capable of seating four hundred people. He was extended a second call and received six hundred dollars and later eight hundred dollars for his services. Efforts were made by other towns to engage the Doctor, but he clung to his first love. In 1833 a new house of worship was erected at. State and Third streets. Later it was remodeled and beautified and it was here that Dr. Hoge preached his greatest sermons and did his greatest works. That sanctuary has now been abandoned as a house of worship and looms against the background of sky and brick walls, a melancholy wreck of a past generation. In 1850 Dr. Hoge accepted the chair of pastoral theology and church history in a theological seminary in Cincinnati. This detained him away from his charge in Columbus half of each year, and at his urgent request Rev. Josiah D. Smith was chosen as his colleague. In 1854 the seminary was removed from Cincinnati and Dr. Hoge resigned. A Century of Presbyterianism.. The one hundredth anniversary of Presbyterianism in Columbus was celebrated November 12 to 19, 1905, opening in the great Auditorium on Broad street. Sunday evening. -November 12, at 7:30 p. m., at which an address, "A Century of Missions," was delivered by Rev. Charles L. Thompson, D. D., LL.D.. New York: the Mesdames McDonald sang a memorial offering: Rev. William O. Thompson. D.D.. presided : an anthem was sung by Mrs. Henry C. Lord. soprano; Mrs. Elizabeth Wilson, alto: Mr. James S. Webb. tenor; Mr. A. R. Barrington. baritone. The last general meeting was held at the Broad Street church Friday evening. November 17, and vas presided over by William H. Huston. Remarks were made by Professor Josiah R. Smith, Dr. Gladden and Dr. Morris, and a general reception followed. At the meeting Monday evening, November 13. Mr. P. W. Huntington presided. and Dr. Peyton H. Hoge, of Louisville, Kentucky. delivered the address : ""The Making of the Man." Rev. S. S. Palmer presided on the afternoon of the 14th, Rev. James A. Patterson on the evening of the same clay ; Rev. George Allen Brewer, evening of the 15th: Rev. George H. Fullerton, Lancaster. evening of the 16th: Rev. R. G. Ramsey on the afternoon of the 16th; Rev. W. H. Huston on the evening of the 17th. Sunday the 19th was observed with memorial meetings in all the churches. separately. Among the other prominent persons who spoke during the week's services were Mr. P. W. Huntington ; Rev. D. J. Moffat, D. D., LL. D., president of Washington and Jefferson College; President Henry f1. McCracken, D. D., LL. D.. New York : Rev. Henry A. Nelson, D. D., professor in Lane Seminary; Rev. Alexander Riggs, D. D., LL.D.. professor in Lane Seminary; Rev. Francis L. Patton, D. D., LL.D., Princeton. New York: Dr. Norcross; Faster Copeland; Professor Josiah R. Smith; and Dr. Morris. The following churches and pastors participated : First, Rev. George Allen Brewer: Central, Rev. James Albert Patterson: Broad Street, Rev. S. S. Palmer; 176 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS Olivet, Rev. R. G. Ramsey; West Broad, Rev. W. H. Huston; St. Clair Avenue, Rev. F. M. Kumler; Nelson Memorial, Rev. W. L. Staub. Also the following resident ministers : Rev. W. O. Thompson, D. D., LL. D.; Rev. W. S. Eagleson, Rev. Robert H. Cunningham, Rev. N. C. Helfrich, Rev. Thomas B. Atkins, Rev. Robert A. Watson, Rev. H. P. Barnes, Rev. J. M. Anderson and Rev. A. R. Tarr. The Hoge Centenary. On Sunday and Monday, February 11 and 12, 1906, was celebrated the centenary of the First Presbyterian church of Columbus. The celebration was no less solemn than it was beautiful and in perfect taste and accord with the occasion and the event it celebrated and memorialized. The services were held in the new (present) First Presbyterian church at Bryden road and Ohio avenue. After music and appropriate reading, from the scriptures, prayer by Rev. S. F. Scovel. D.D., LL.D., announcements. etc.. etc., an historical address, "A Sketch of James Hoge and the First Presbyterian Church," was delivered by Mr. Robert S. Neil, president of the board of trustees. The address was not only replete with historical incident and description, but scholarly and well delivered to the deeply interested congregation. This reading was followed by the singing of the hymn (tune Ward, hymnal 531) sung at the semi-centennial, preserved in the corner-stone of the old church and exhumed to be sung at the centennial. On Sunday evening following the music, prayer and offertory, Rev. William McKibbin, D. D., LL. D., delivered a most impressive address, the subject being "The Obligations Which the Past Imposes on the Present and Future." On Monday evening Rev. Samuel S. Palmer, D. D., presided. There were "Greetings" by the pastor, Rev. Geo. A. Brewer; soprano solo, "Angela of Glory.'' by Mrs. Edith Sage McDonald; remarks by Rev. James Albert Patterson, D.D. ; duet, " My Faith Looks up to Thee," Mrs. Edith Sage MacDonald and Mrs. Maude Wentz MacDonald; remarks by Rev. W. K. Fulton; remarks by Robert G. Ramsey; and contralto solo, "Set of Sun," Mrs. Maude Wentz MacDonald. The present organization consists of J. D. Harlor, clerk ; H. E. Brook, Alfred McClure, G. W. Shepherd, U. B. Strickler, G. W. Miller, F. B. Milligan, A. M. McPeak; trustees, Robert S. Neil, president; F. G. Houser, Charles McKee, E. M. Baldridge, treasurer; deacons, William Endslow, chairman, Mason M. Gill, W. O. Copeland, Paul Hedges, Robert H. Dunn, Robert S. Miller, Carl Frankenberg; Missionary Society, Mrs. Florence Strickler, president; Ladies' Aid Society, Mrs. Alfred McClure, president. The Second Presbyterian Church was organized on the first Sabbath in March, 1839. The organization at the beginning comprised thirty-one persons. the most of whom were from the first old Presbyterian church. For a short time prior to the regular formation of the church, those connected with it had held their meetings for worship in a room on High street. The church was incorporated by an act of the legislature, April, 1839, and measures were taken to secure a site for a church edifice. PAGE 177 - PICTURES OF ORIGINAL CHURCHES PAGE 178 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 179 After the church was organized and until the ensuing October, the congregation had the services of Rev. Topliff ; thereafter until 1840 the services of Rev. George L. Boardman. A call had been tendered Rev. Henry L. Hitchcock, D.D., which he accepted, and on November 24, 1841, he was regularly installed as pastor, and continued to sustain that relation until August 1, 1855, when he was transferred to the presidency of the Western Reserve College. Early in September a unanimous call was tendered to the Rev. Edward D. Morris, then at Auburn, New York. This call he accepted and on the first Sabbath of the ensuing December, he began his ministerial labors, and was duly installed as pastor on the 2d of January, 1856. The church grew and prospered and in 1857-8, it was evident that a more commodious church building was necessary, and the erection of the present church on Third street, directly south of the government building, was begun. In 1858, the organization was: Pastor, Rev. E. D. Morris; elders, H. B. Carrington. Asa D. Lord, Chauncey N. Olds, John J. Ferson, Ebenezer McDonald, John H. Stage ; trustees, D. T. Woodbury, A. P. Stone, Ermine Case, Jonas "McCune, Collins Stone ; treasurer, John M. Ferson. The number of members for that year is given at two hundred and forty-five. Westminster Church- This church was organized on the 1st of June, 1854, and consisted at that time of thirty members, who had been dismissed from the First Presbyterian church. For three years and a half the congregation worshiped in the lecture room of Starling Medical College. In 1856 and 1857 they erected their church edifice at the corner of Sixth and State streets, at a cost of about fifteen thousand dollars. It was dedicated on the 23d of August, 1857. The number of members in 1858 was one hundred and sixteen. Rev. J. D. Smith had been pastor from the first, having been called to the charge of it from the First church, where he had been for several years collegiate pastor with Rev. Dr. Hoge. This organization disposed of the church on State street many years since. The following were the last to have pastoral charge of Westminster church before the merging of the congregation with the Second or Central: Rev. Nathan Smith. 1881 to 1892; Rev. Dr. A. E. E. Taylor, 1892 to 1897; Rev. Dr. Rogers, from 1897 until the merging of the congregations. Welsh Presbyterian Church. was organized in 1837. Their house of worship is a small frame building on Town street, east of Fifth. For the first ten or twelve years they had no regular pastor. The Rev. Mr. Price, Rev. John Harris. and occasionally some others, preached for the congregation until about the year 1849, when the Rev. Mr. Powell, of Delaware, became the regular installed pastor. He continued until 1857, when he was succeeded by the Rev. Mr. Jones. The number of members in 1858 was thirty-five The Associate Reformed Presbyterian-This church was organized December 10, 1850, with thirteen members. Thomas Kennedy and Hugh Price were elders ; Dr. John Morrison, Neil McLaughlin and John Stothart were trustees. The society in 1852 erected a frame church at the corner of Sixth and Town streets. In 1858 there were sixty-three members and while services were regularly held, there was no regular minister, but Rev. G. W. Gowdy acted as regular supply. 180 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS The growth and expansion of the Presbyterian church since 1858 is shown by the following brief statement of the present places of worship, benefices and church and benevolent missions: Presbyterian Churches 1808-9 With Street Locations and Pastors. Broad Street: N. E. Cor. Broad and Garfield. Rev. S. S. Palmer. Central: Cor. Third and Chapel. Rev. Jas. A. Patterson. Fair Ave. Reformed: Fair Ave. W. of Champion. Rev. R. B. Patton. Fifth Ave.: W. Fifth Ave. near High. Rev. Alex. R. Tarr. First: Cor. Bryden Road and Ohio Ave. Rev. Geo. A. Brewster. First Cumberland : Cor. Second Ave. and Highland. Rev. Chas. G. Watson. First United: Long near Washington. Rev. Wm. K. Fulton. Neil Ave. United: Neil and Herman. Rev. John G. King. Nelson Memorial Chapel: Taylor Ave. bet. Mt. Vernon and Harvard Ave. Rev. William Staub. North Minister: Cor. King and Hunter. Rev. R. G. Ramsey. St. Clair Ave.: St. Clair and Felton. Rev. M. W. Simpson. Welsh : East Avenue and Long. Rev. Jenkin Williams. West Broad: Cor Broad and Dakota. Rev. W. O. Wozencraft. Reformed. Eighth Ave.: Eighth Ave. and Hunter. Rev. B. E. Reemsnyder. St. John's: 1412 1/2 North High. Wilson Ave.: Cor. Far and Wilson. Rev. W. H. Tussing. THE METHODIST CHURCH Organized 1814. The first Methodist church or class in Columbus was organized near the beginning of the year 1814, under the auspices of the Rev. Samuel West, the preacher in charge of the circuit which included this section of central Ohio. There were but four members of the class when it was organized, George McCormick and his wife; George B. Harvey and Miss Jane Armstrong, who soon after became the wife of Mr. Harvey, the third member above. The fifth member admitted was Moses Freeman, a manumitted negro slave. Nearly ten years later Freeman and his family migrated to Liberia, Africa, there to do missionary work in the land of his nativity, he having been carried into slavery in his early youth. From what can be learned from his subsequent history he died soon after reaching Africa, and there exists no modern trace of his family. In the same year of 1814 the proprietors of the town, in line with their policy of encouraging religion and education, donated and conveyed to the little Methodist congregation the lot on which the old Town Street church, now a part of the handsome Columbus Public School Library building, was erected, . covering the lot thus originally donated and conveyed to Messrs. George Mc- CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 181 Cormick, Peter Grubb, Jacob Grubb, John Brickell and George B. Harvey, trustees, by the proprietors. Near the close of the year 1814, a hewed log church with a shingled roof was erected on the lot and becomingly dedicated to the Master's cause. It was for some years used as a public school house and in this way a small revenue was derived for the further promotion of the gospel. In 1817, it became necessary to enlarge the church to accommodate the growing congregation. By adding a frame structure of equal size to the log house its capacity was slightly more than doubled. About the year 1825 both the frame and the hewed log structures were eliminated and a somewhat commodious brick church was erected. This building continued to accommodate the flock until 1853, when it was torn down and a much larger edifice was erected, which some years ago, ceased to be a house of worship, was transferred to the Columbus city school board and incorporated into the school library, as above stated. The lineal descendant of this, the original Methodist church of Columbus is the Town Street church at the intersection of Bryden road and Eighteenth street, Bryden road being the beautiful residential extension of Town street eastward from Parson's avenue. Wesley Chapel -In 1846, William Neil, noted for his public spirit, donated a corner lot at Broad and Fourth streets, and on this was erected Wesley Chapel. The first building erected was deemed commodious, but it long since gave way to the present beautiful specimen of church architecture. In 1858, Rev. William Porter was pastor of Wesley Chapel; M. Gooding, E. Booth, Richard Jones, Thomas Walker, Daniel Miner and J. E. Rudisill, trustees, and the number of members was given in the local chronicles as one hundred and fifty. Bigelow Chapel was erected on Friend (now Main) street in 1854. In 1858 Rev. Lovet Taft was pastor; A. Cooper, E. Glover, M. Holm, W. F. Knoderer, E. H. Link, John Whitsel, J. C. Kenyon and Newton Gibbon were trustees ; and the number of members given at sixty. German. Methodist Church-In 1844 the German Methodist church was erected at the corner of Third street and south Public lane and the German Methodists, as a rule attended worship there. The Rev. Paul Brodbeck was pastor in 1858 and sixty-three members were reported. Colored Methodist Church-In 1823 the colored Methodists separated from the whites and formed a society, class or church by themselves. From 1823 to 1839 they held services in rented rooms at various points and then erected a church on Long street. In 1857 Rev. J. H. Shorter was pastor in charge. The number of members reported was one hundred and thirteen. Whit field Methodists (Welsh) was organized in 1848. In the same year the congregation erected a brick church at the corner of Long and Sixth streets. The different pastors from 1848 to 1858 were: Rev. Mr. Parry, 1848-1855; Rev. David Williams, 1855-1857; Rev. Parry, 1857-1858. The number of members was seventy-three. These comprise the organized and separate branches of the Methodist church in Columbus in 1858, coming the first half century period. On a later page is to be found the new branches added during the second half century period. 182 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS Ministers from 1814 to 1858. One of the most interesting studies of the history of the Methodist church of Columbus is the names of the Methodist ministers, presiding elders and circuit riders, from the date of the organization of the church in 1814 to 1858, the close of the half century era of the state and city's history. Herewith, bearing the dates, in years of their ministrations, first of the presiding elders, second of the circuit riders is given the complete list. Presiding Elders. 1814-15-16. James Quinn; 1817, David Young; 1818-19-20, John Collins; 1821, Samuel West; 1822-23, Greenburg Jones; 1824-25-26, Jacob Young: 1827, Russell Bigelow; 1828-29-30, David Young: 1831, John Collins; 1832-3334-35, Augustus Eddy; 1836-7-8-9, Jacob Young; 1840-41, John Ferree: 1842. Joseph M. Trimble; 1843-44, David Whitcomb; 1845-46, Robert O. Spencer; 1847-48-49-50, John W. Clark ; 1851, Cyrus Brooks ; 1852-53-54, Uriah Heath : 1855-56-57, Zachariah Cornell. Circuit Riders at Large-1814-1830. 1814, Samuel West ; 1815, Isaac Pavey ; 1816, Jacob Hooper: 1817. William Swayze, Simon Peters; 1818, William Swayze, Lemuel Lane: 1819. John Tevis, Leroy Swormsted; 1820, John Tevis, Peter Stevens; 1821, Russell Bigelow, Horace Brown; 1822, Russell Bigelow, Thomas McCleary; 182 Charles Waddell, H. S. Fernandes; 1824, Charles Waddell, Alfred Lorane; 1825. Leroy Swormsted, Joseph Carper; 1826, Joseph Carper, John H. Power : 1827 Samuel Hamilton, Jacob Young; 1828, Samuel Hamilton, Jesse F. Wixom ; 1829, Leroy Swormsted, G. Blue; 1830, John W. Clark, Adam Poe. Circuit Preachers, Columbus Station-1831-1858. 1831, Thomas A. Morris; 1832, Robert O. Spencer; 1833, Russell Bigelow; 1834, Russell Bigelow, Leonard Gurley ; 1835-36, E. W. Sehon ; 1837. Joseph Carper; 1838, Joseph A. Waterman; 1839. William Herr; 1840-41, Joseph A. Trimble; 1842, David Whitcomb; 1843, .John Miley. Abraham Wambaugh: 1844, John Miley; 1845-6, Granville :Moody; 1847. Cyrus Brooks, Town street: George C. Crum, Wesley Chapel; 1848, same incumbents; 1849. David Warnock, Town street; William H. Lowder, Wesley Chapel; 1850, David Warnock . Town street; John W. Weakley, Wesley Chapel: 1851, Clinton W. Sears, Town street; John M. Leavitt, Wesley Chapel; 1852. Asbury Bruner, Town street: John M. Leavitt Wesley Chapel; 1853, Asbury Bruner, Town street: James L. Grover, Wesley Chapel; Edward Mabee, mission:, 1854, John W. White. Town street; James L. Grover, Wesley Chapel; Joseph H. Creighton, Bigelow Chapel 1855, John W. White, Town street; John Frazer, Wesley Chapel; Thomas Lee, Bigelow Chapel ; 1856, J. M. Jamison, Town street : John Frazer, Wesley Chapel ; Thomas Lee, Bigelow Chapel ; 1857, J. M. Jamison, Town street: William Porter, Wesley Chapel ; Lovet Taft, Bigelow Chapel. PAGE 183 - PICTURE OF EARLY CHURCH BUILDINGS PAGE 184 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 185 In this list may be found the. names of several of the greatest Methodist divines on the American continent during the first half of the nineteenth century-names inseparably connected with the growth of Methodism throughout the Ohio and Mississippi valleys. The following church organizations of the Methodist faith at the close of the second centennial period stated as briefly as may be, show the surprising growth of the organization since 1858. Church Edifices acid Locations 1808-1909. Broad Street: Cor. Broad and Washington. Rev. A. E. Craig. Eleventh Street: Cor. Donaldson and Eleventh. Rev. E. L. Gilliam. Fifth Avenue: Corner Fifth and Oakland. Rev. R. D. Morgan First : Cor. Bryden Road and Eighteenth. Rev. E. S. Lewis. First (German) : Cor. Third and Livingston. Rev. Oscar Rogotzky. Free Methodist: 1046 Harrison avenue. Gift Street: West Side. Rev. Peter Fry. Glenwood: Cor. Highland and Olive. Rev. Daniel C. Canfield. Grace: Fifth Ave. and E. Ninth St. Rev. P. H. Fry. Indianola: J. C. Arbuckle. King Avenue: Cor. Neil and King avenues. Rev. Lucien Clark. Madison Avenue: Madison avenue west of Miller. Rev. C. B. Pyle. Milo: Gibbard avenue east of Cleveland. Mt. Vernon Avenue, A. M. E.: Mt. Vernon near 20th. Rev. J. W. Mougey. Mt. Vernon Avenue: Cor. Mt. Vernon and Denmead. Rev. L. L. Magee. Neil Avenue: Cor. Neil and Goodale. Rev. L. I. Hart. North : Cor. Tompkins and East avenue. Rev. N. D. Creamer. Oakwood Avenue: Cor. Oakwood and Newton. Rev. J. E. Walters. Pine Street : Northeast corner Pine and Fourth streets. St. Paul's A. M. E.: Long street east of Jefferson. Second A. M. E.: Mt. Vernon near Twentieth. Second German : Cor. Mozart and Gates. Rev. William A. Schruff. Shepards : Shepards Station Rev. Charles H. Borror. Shoemaker's Chapel: Cleveland avenue near Leona avenue. Sixth Avenue: Cor. Sixth avenue and Sixth street. South High Street.: 1621 S. High. Rev. C. F. Prior. Third Avenue: Cor. Third avenue and High. Rev. N. W. Good. Third Street : Cor. Third street and Cherry alley. Rev. L. B. Sparks. Town Street : Cor. Bryden road and Eighteenth. Rev. C. S. Lewis. Wesley Chapel: Cor. Broad and Fourth Streets. Rev. Benjamin F. Dimmick. West Park Avenue: 87 W. Park. Rev. George A. Marshall. THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH Organized 1817. Trinity Church-The first Protestant Episcopal church in Columbus was organized by Bishop Philander Chase, of Worthington. in the spring of 1817. 186 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS The first religious services of the denomination were held in the Buckeye House, on Broad street, by Bishop Chase on Sunday, May 3, 1817. On the 7th of that month a second service was held by Dr. Chase, and at this meeting the formal organization was entered upon and articles of association were drawn up and signed, under the style of "The Parish of Trinity Church, Columbus, State of Ohio, in connection with the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America." These article- were then duly signed by the following persons: Orris Parish, Joel Buttles, Benjamin Gardiner, Alfred Upson, Philo H. Olmsted, John Kilbourne, John Warner, Thomas Johnson, John Webster, George W. Williams, Cyrus Fay, Charles V. Kickox, John Callitt. Amasa Delano, Silas Williams, Christopher Ripley, Austin Goodrich, Daniel Smith, Josiah Sabin, Cyrus Allen, Abner Lord, James K. Carey, John C. Broderick, James Pearce. M. Matthews, William K. Lampson, Cyrus Parker. William Rockwell. A. J. McDowell, Jr., and Lyne Starling. On the 11th day of the same month Dr. Chase held another service. at the conclusion of which the constitution of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States was read and adopted by the parishioners, and Trinity was thus formally organized. Church officers were chosen as follows and entered upon their duties: Wardens, Orris Parish and Benjamin Gardiner vestrymen. John Kilbourne and Joel Buttles; secretary, Joel Buttles. Messrs. Gardiner and Buttles were appointed delegates to the diocesan convention to be held in Columbus on the first Monday of January. 1818. The services were held at various places pending the erection of a church building. Bishop Chase and other clergy, when opportunity offered. ministered to the church, but not until 1829 was there a regular pastor. Beginning with that year, Rev. William Preston took charge of Trinity. ill connection with St. John's of Worthington. Pending this event the church depended mainly on lay readers, among whom were Benjamin Gardiner. Cyrus Fay and Matthew Matthews. Since 1829, however, the church ha been supplied with rectors, many of whom rank high in the Episcopal clergy of the nation. The first confirmation taking place in the church was on September 15, 1830, Bishop Chase officiating. The second confirmation took place in 1833. For many years prior to 1833 the meetings of the congregation were held in a frame edifice on Third street. During the pastorate of Dr. Preston the original Trinity church was built on East Broad, where the Clinton-Hayden Bank building now stands. The lot cost one thousand dollars and the building ten thousand dollars. At that date it was the costliest church edifice in Ohio. In 1855 an effort was made to erect a new church, and the present high school lot was purchased for eight thousand dollars and a foundation partly laid. In 1862 work ceased and the property was sold and used for other purposes. In 1862 the present site, corner of Third and Broad streets, was purchased from Governor William Dennison. Jr., for seven thousand five hundred dollars. and here the foundations of the present stately Trinity were laid in 1866. under the directions and supervision of William A. Platt, Francis CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 187 Collins and William G. Deshler. William Lloyd, of Detroit, was architect and Mr. Fish the superintendent of construction. The style of architecture is Gothic-English. The stone for the walls of the church was brought from Licking county. The total cost of the structure approximated seventy thousand dollars. The chapel was available for regular services in 1868. The main auditorium was finished in 1869. Trinity Guild, to promote the interests of Trinity Church, was organized November 6, 1872. The Trinity Chapter. No. 115, of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, was organized in 1891-92. The property on the north side of East Broad street, nearly opposite Trinity church, originally known as the Esther Institute, later as the Irving House. Is now the Trinity House, haying been acquired for the use of the church in 1890, the price paid for the lot and building being forty-five thousand dollars. One of the notable events at Trinity was the consecration of Bishop Kendrick. January 18, 1889, in the presence of a vast audience. St. Paul's- In 1841-42 St. Paul's church was erected at the corner of Mound and Third streets. At a meeting of the signatories of the articles of association. December 7, 1842, Rev. H. L. Richards, the first rector of the church, presided and F. J. Matthews acted as secretary. A. Buttles was chosen senior warden ; I. N. Whiting, junior warden ; and Henry Matthews, Moses Altman, John Burr and Herman H. Hubbard, vestrymen. Growth of membership and desirability of environment led to the change of location of the church edifice at or near the turn of the century, and St. Paul's church is now located on the south side of East Broad. between Garfield and Monroe avenues. Church of the Good Shepherd, located on the southeast corner of Buttles and Park avenue, was originally built as and intended for a mission of Trinity Episcopal congregation. The corner stone of the church edifice was laid June 13, 1871, with the usual ceremonies, conducted by Bishop Bedell of Gambler. On that occasion a notable address was delivered by Rev. Wyllys Hall. The first rector of the church was Rev. Frederick Grannis. Church Edifices and Locations. Trinity: Southeast corner Broad and Third streets. Rev. Theodore Irving Reese. St. Paul's : East Broad street, between Garfield and 'Monroe avenue. Good Shepherd: Southeast corner Buttles and Park. Missions of Trinity. All Saints' (for deaf and dumb) : 136 East Broad street. St. John's Chapel: Southwest corner Avondale and Town. Rev. Robert Johnston. St. Philip's (colored) : Lexington, between McKinnon and Spring. Rev. R. D. Brown. Branch at 961-2 Mt. Vernon. 188 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS THE LUTHERAN CHURCH Organized 1821. Among the earliest pioneer settlers in Columbus and Franklin county were the Heyls, consisting of Lorentz Heyl, his wife, their two sons, Christian and Conrad; Mrs. Regina Pilgrim, a widowed daughter, and her family, and a grandson. They arrived in a single party in 1813. The name is interwoven with the future history of Columbus. Being German Lutherans and devout believers in the faith, they missed their hitherto regular church services. The German Lutherans in the township, too, felt lonely without a temporal fold and shepherd, and so they all united and set about the work of procuring the shepherd and the upbuilding of the sheepfold. In the year 1818 a meeting, headed by a missionary, Rev. Michael J. Steck, was held at the Franklin Tavern on High street, of which Christian Heyl, subsequently a leading citizen, was the proprietor, and set about the organization of the church. In 1819 this primitive flock was taken in charge by Rev. Charles Henkel, who had come into the Ohio wilderness to do the Father's work. The hitherto shepherdless sheep were called to meet this time at the residence of the other brother, Conrad Heyl, at the corner of Rich and Front streets. Here the church was fully and befittingly organized. Among those present at this assemblage were Gottlieb Lichtenecker, William Altman, John Athan Knieriemer, Henry and Philip Borman, Simon Stahl, John and Peter Putnam and Rudolph Loeliger, and their respective families, resident of the town, and the following from the townships of Madison, Hamilton, Jefferson and Miffln : John, George and David Ridenour, Michael Meuschwender, Jesse Baughman, John Saul, Father Heltzel and his sons, Jacob, Nicholas and Philip, and Frederick Stambaugh. Several of these were accompanied by their families. Many came long distances to attend this and other meetings, some on foot, some on horseback or in primitive vehicles and sleds along the forest paths and roads centering in the town. A lot was purchased in 1820 at the corner of Third and the alley north between Rich and Town, for two hundred dollars. On this a church building was erected and occupied in 1821-22. At first the services were in German. For the benefit of the English-speaking members they were given in German at one service and in English at the next. In 1831 Rev. W. Schmidt became pastor. At Canton, Ohio, he had projected a theological seminary, and this, with his consent, was removed by the Ohio synod to Columbus, where it still flourishes as the Capital University, which annually graduates young men into the clergy and is thus united by a strong bond with the church at the capital, as well as with the pastorates of the graduates by sympathetic and fraternal chords. St. Paul's Church-In 1842 a lot was purchased by the congregation of St. Paul's at the corner of High and Mound streets, and on this a substantial and imposing church was erected, and is still St. Paul's, although once burned and rebuilt and again remodeled. Rev. Konrad Meet was installed PAGE 189 - FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH PAGE 190 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 191 as pastor of the church in 1843, and his pastorate extended slightly beyond a half century. In 1844 the brick building was erected. In October, 1856, fire in a frame building adjacent in the rear communicated with the church and it was destroyed, save as to the more substantial walls. Immediate steps were taken to restore the edifice, and on the first anniversary of the fire the newly restored church was consecrated, Rev. Mees officiating. The cost of restoring the building, refurnishing and installing a new organ was approximately eighteen thousand dollars. In 1890 the interior was reconstructed, decorated and lightened into a new auditorium, at a cost of about three thousand five hundred dollars. Trinity German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation - Forty - eight adult persons were the original founders of this congregation. They were members of St. Paul's United Lutheran Reformed church of Columbus. On January 28, 1847, they withdrew from the church and held divine services under the ministration of Rev. C. Spielman from time to time in the seminary building of the Evangelical Lutheran Joint synod. When Rev. W. F. Lehmann was called as a professor to this seminary the congregation extended him an invitation to become their pastor, which he accepted. On January 28, 1848, these Lutherans organized as the Trinity German Evangelical Lutheran congregation of Columbus, Ohio. In February, 1849, the new society rented the building of the German Independent Protestant church on hound street, where services were regularly held for eight years. Meantime the congregation grew steadily in numbers. On April 6, 1856, a committee. which had been appointed to look up a suitable building lot, reported that they had purchased the lot at the corner of Third and Fulton streets. The erection of a church building thereon was begun in June of that year, its dimensions being fifty-six by one hundred and six feet. The corner-stone was laid July 28, 1856. The church was dedicated December 20, 1857, and a steeple was built on the church in 1876. The church moved forward despite inevitable doctrinal controversies. Grace Lutheran Church-In 1872 a majority of the members of the First English Lutheran church, so called, withdrew from the joint synod and joined the general council. Those who did not withdraw met at the German Trinity Lutheran church and in 1872 organized the Grace Evangelical church. Among the first members were Rev. M. Lay. In 1873 a lot was purchased on Mound street and a frame chapel was built and dedicated in the same year, Professor William F. Lehmann officiating. In 1889, the congregation having grown rapidly, the church was remodeled and enlarged, and the pulpit was frequently filled by the professors of the Capital University, especially when there was a pastoral vacancy for any reason. St. Mark's English Lutheran Church-This church was organized in 1885 at the residence of Mr. James Broucher. The organizers were mostly members of Grace Evangelical Lutheran congregation residing in the northern part of the city. For a year or two services were held at the houses of the members. A church was erected at Dennison and Fifth avenues and was 192 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS dedicated on the first Sunday in June, 1886, Professor A. Pfluger officiating. The church has reported steady progress from the beginning to the present. Christ Lutheran Church-On the removal of the Capital University in 1876 from the present site of the Park or Northern Hotel to its present location in the eastern environs of the city, a neat brick church was erected in connection with it on the university grounds east of Alum creek. This church began with approximately one hundred communicants, and has considerably more than doubled. The students of the university attend during the school year. Location of the Churches. Christ Evangelical: Northwest corner Main and Drexel. Emanuel: 434 East Main street. Emanuel Evangelical: 56 Reeb avenue. First English: 314 Parsons avenue. German Evangelical (Trinity) : Third and Fulton streets. Grace (English) : East Fourth, between Mound and Fulton. Immanuel: Monroe avenue, between Spring and Mt. Vernon. Memorial English : 1243 Highland avenue. St. John's Evangelical Protestant: South Mound, near Third. St. Luke's Evangelical: 59 Nest Lane avenue. St. Mark's (English) : Southeast corner Fifth and Dennison. St. Matthew's : Corner Broad and Martin. St. Paul's (German) : Corner High and Mound. St. Peter's : Denmead avenue, near Leonard. Trinity Evangelical: Fulton and Third streets. United Evangelical: Miller avenue, between Rich and Bryden. Wesley Avenue United Evangelical: Corner Wesley and East Eighth avenues. Zion : Corner Mound and Third. THE BAPTIST CHURCH Organized 1825. In 1823 Elder George Jeffries came to Columbus from Marlboro. Delaware county, Ohio. He was ordained as an evangelist at Marlboro. After locating at Columbus he began preaching at his own house. Following as the result of his ministrations Sarah Garrison and Alpheus Tolle professed conversion and were baptized. Eight other Baptist professors of religion had removed to Columbus. On May 15, 1824, Elder Jeffries and the following Baptists met in conference at Columbus : Elder Jacob Drake, Deacon Leonard Monroe and Brethren Daniel Nettleton and Charles Watters, of Liberty church; Elder James Peters, Deacon Swisher and Brother William D. Hendren, of Bethel church ; Deacon John McLeod, of Harlem church, and Elder Pleasant Leman. The council or conference organized by electing Jacob Drake moderator and William D. Hendren clerk. Elder Jeffries explained the reasons for CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 193 organizing a church in Columbus, and a resolution was unanimously adopted authorizing it. The following became members of the proposed church an presentation of letters : George Jeffries, from church at Marlboro, Ohio ; William Whittimore and wife, Leah, Daughty Fork church, Coshocton county, Ohio; Elijah Tolle, Maysville, Kentucky; Patty Booker (colored), Petersburg, Virginia; Mary Broderick, Washington, Kentucky; George Butcher (colored), Petersburg, Virginia; Rosanna Bolin, Virginia; Sarah Garrison and Alpheus Tolle, converts under Elder Jeffries. After due deliberation the above were admitted to fellowship in the Baptist church with all the formalities required for the important step. The formal organization of the church took place December 7, 1825, but it was not chartered by the legislature until 1831. Nine additional members had been admitted. The church services were held at the houses of members for some time. The first officers elected were. Deacon, Daniel Huddleson; clerk and treasurer, Elijah Tolle. The name bestowed was the First Baptist church of Columbus. The church edifice was erected on Front street, just north of Mound, during the year 1831, and was occupied May 6, 1832. It was a plain, one-story brick, and when abandoned as a church in 1837 was used by Dr. Curtis as a, medical college and later was turned into a private residence. The capstone was preserved as a relic in the second "First" church, at Third and Rich streets. The present beautiful temple on Broad street is the home of the "First." For several decades there were dissensions on doctrinal points in the Baptist church : dismissals and withdrawals and division of counsels followed, but despite all these the general body of the church continued to grow and branch churches were evolved from the parent stem, so that before the close of the nineteenth century they comprised: The First Baptist church, the Russell Street Baptist church; the Hildreth Baptist church: the Memorial Baptist church and the Tenth Avenue Baptist church. The Colored Baptist Ch arches covering the same period of the past century were: the Second Baptist church; Shiloh Baptist church, Union Grove Baptist church and Bethany Baptist church. The Rossell Street Baptist Church was organized January 24, 1881. by members fraternally dismissed from the First church. The first officers of the church were deacons. John J. Evans, William Downey, Thomas Humphries trustees, Nathan Wright, John S. Roberts. William D. Maddox, William Downney. Thomas Humphries ; clerk, A. T. Stevens: treasurer, C. F. Hecker. The first pastor of the church was Rev. A. L. Jornan. The Hildreth Baptist Church. edifice was built at Twentieth and Atcheson streets in advance of the regular organization of the church, but with the view of consummating that event. The church was organized, the building was dedicated and the first pastor, Rev. J. S. Cleveland, was ordained on the same day-August 25, 1885. The Memorial Baptist Church. corner of Sandusky and Shepherd streets. W. S., was the outgrowth of a mission of the First Baptist church, and the meeting to organize the church was held on the fourth anniversary 194 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS of the organization of the mission, October 18, 1889. Rev. C. C. Haskell presided at the meeting and Z. P. Gilmore officiated as clerk. The congregation came with letters of fraternal dismissal from several of the local churches and some from distant states and localities. Officers : deacons, William J. Dawson, Z. P. Gilmore and Thomas Brown; treasurer, Wellsworth Dawson ; trustees. Thomas Brown, Z. P. Gilmore, L. S. Upton and George H. Moores; auditor, Mrs. H. Moores. The Russell Street Baptist Church was also the outgrowth of the missionary movement entered upon, in the immediate vicinity of the present church edifice in 1890. The church was duly organized in 1891, in regular council of the church, representing the churches of Columbus, Delaware, Central College and Sunbury. The first officers of the church were: trustees, Theophilus Reese, S. B. Nichols, C. M. Jaynes, D. J. Burnett, D. G. Snyder, J. D. Warner and F. W. Sperr; treasurer, F. W. Sperr; clerk, C. M. Jaynes: deacons, J. D. Warner. E. C. Green and D. G. Snyder. Rev. E. F. Roberts was the first pastor. The Tenth Avenue Church was organized in 1892 on Tenth avenue, a short distance west of High street, of which Rev. E. E. Williams was the first pastor. Church Locations. First : South side of Broad east of Washington. Hildreth: S. E. cor. 20th and Atcheson streets. Memorial: Shepherd and Sandusky streets. Parsons Avenue: S. W. cor. Parson's and Forest. Russell Street: S. E. cor. Russell and Miami. Tenth Avenue : Highland and Tenth avenues. The Second Baptist (Colored) was set off from the First church in 1836, but was not organized until 1839. The original member, of this church were Ezekiel Fields, Letha Fields, Miles Fields, Patsy Booker, George and Mary Butcher, Pleasant and Catherine Litchfield, William Gardner, Sarah Woodson, Priscilla Flood, Phoebe Randall, Shubal Fields, David and Susan Sullivant and Susan Watson. The distinguished negro divine, Rev. James Poindexter was for a long period of years pastor of this church. Other Negro Baptist Churches. Antioch, located on Flannigan road. Arlington, located on Oakley avenue. Bethany. Fourth avenue, cor. of Sixth street. Corinthian, S. E. cor. Mink and Mann streets. Ironton; cor. of Oakley avenue and Logan. Macedonia. located at 573 Henry street. Second. N. W. cor. Rich and Third streets. Shiloh, west side Cleveland avenue between Spring and Naghten. Solid Rock. West Fifth and Dublin avenue. Union Grove. Champion avenue north of Long street. CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 195 ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH Organized 1838. To the Dominican Fathers comprising an "Order of Preachers," founded in the thirteenth century, by St. Dominic, is attributable the foundation of the Catholic church in the city of Columbus. This order had previously established a nursery of the faith near the See of Dr. Flaget, in Kentucky. They were noted for their active and self-sacrificing missionary life in Kentucky and this led the bishop to place the Ohio missions under their charge. With a view to pushing the work vigorously, the Very Rev. Edward Fenwick, provincial of the Dominican order, resigned his office that he might comply with the bishop's request to proceed to the new field of labor. He repaired at once to a point in Perry county, near the town of Somerset, where he founded the first permanent mission in Ohio, the cradle of Catholicity in the state and where, in 1818, Father Fenwick had the great happiness of dedicating in honor of St. Joseph, the first Catholic church in the state, and in founding a convent, whence went forth year after year active missionaries throughout not only the state but into adjacent states and territories. Father Fenwick relates that in the years 1817-1818, during his missionary work in Ohio, he baptized into the church one hundred and sixty-two persons. both old and young, also, the statement of Father Dominic Young, while on a trip in 1818 to Maryland and return who baptized some thirty persons who came to him during the journey through the wilderness. This interesting bit of missionary history is recorded in Father Fenwick's handwriting in the introduction to the baptismal register of St. Joseph's convent and is among the most rare and valuable specimens of religious history and church literature placed in original records, religious or otherwise, in the state, and which are a part of the state's history. It was but natural, therefore, that Father Fenwick and his co-laborers and associates should visit Columbus and not only prepare the way, but lay deeply and securely the foundations for the subsequent growth of the church in the state capital in the borough period of its history. The Columbus Mission -The Dominican Fathers, who had early founded the mission in Columbus, had come into possession of a lot by donation, the condition- being that a church be erected thereon within five years from date of the deed, which was May 15, 1833. This lot is the present site of Holy Cross church, on the northeast corner of Rich and Fifth streets, the donors being Otis and Samuel Crosby and Nathaniel Medbery. Religious services continued to he held, as in the past, by the Dominican Fathers from time to time, in different houses of Catholics, among them being the residence of John McCarthy, on Main street, between High and Third. Mr. McCarthy was, at the time an engineer on the Ohio canal and Columbus feeder. Previous to this time Catholic services were held in Franklinton, now the west side, where a number of Catholic families had settled. At such times the old courthouse-present location of the Franklinton public school building-the homes of Vincent Crate and Henry Nadenbusch, the 196 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS latter situated near the state stone quarries, were honored by having the sacrifice of the mass offered up under their roofs. Laborers engaged in the construction of the national road composed for a time the major portion of the congregation. Among the permanent settlers . however, who constituted the pioneer Catholic congregation that was the nucleus of the future churches of the city, we find record of the following: the families of Mrs. Russell, Cornelius Jacobs, John Jacobs, Michael Reinhard. Anthony Clarke and Owen Turney. Later on the following Catholics settled in the city and added to the membership of the congregation : John Ender, Clemens Baehr, J. Scherringer, P. Kehle, Jacob Zettler, Peter Schwartz. Henry Lutz, Lawrence Beck. Joseph Wolfel, Sr., Joseph Miller, Isidore Frey, Bernard McNally, John F. Zimmer, C. Kuhn, John Ury and several others whose names are not on record. Bishop Purcell came to Columbus in June, 1836, with a view of promoting the erection of a church for the use of the Catholics of the city. He stopped at the National Hotel, the site of which is now occupied by the Neil House. He celebrated his first mass June 5, in what was known as the Paul Pry House, on Canal street between Main and Cherry alley, then occupied by the family of George Studer. Mass had formerly been celebrated there by the missionary fathers. Here he submitted to the men who were in attendance the proposition for the erection of a church. It was eagerly indorsed and carried into subsequent execution. The next mass was celebrated December 23, by Rev. Father Hoffman, who paid a visit to the people. Not until August 4, 1837, was another mass celebrated. The number of Catholics were increasing and their spiritual wants must needs be looked after. On the date last mentioned Rev. Henry Damien Juncker came to Columbus, authorized by Bishop Purcell as pastor of the Catholic churches at Columbus and Chillicothe. This stimulated the efforts toward the completion of the church originally planned by the bishop. St. Remigius's Church-The process of construction went on as rapidly as possible. The middle of December. 1837. found the building under roof, and by the 20th of April, 1838, it was in condition to be occupied, though not plastered, painted nor seated. On the 29th of the same month Rev. Father Juncker held services in the unfinished church, singing high massthe first ever celebrated in Columbus-and placed the edifice tinder the patronage of St. Remigius. Remigius, or Remi. was archbishop of Rheims. France, and died a holy death in the year 533, after a reign of seventy-four years, in the espicopacy-the longest on record. Rev. Stephen Badin. the venerable missionary of our western states, happened en route through Columbus, on the Sunday of the opening of the new church, and. learning of the joyous occasion, stopped over, preaching a learned discourse in English at the vesper service in the afternoon. On December 8, 1839, Rt. Rev. Bishop Purcell administered the sacrament of confirmation for the first time in Columbus, and on the evening of that day preached a sermon on the Holy Trinity in the senate chamber of the old statehouse, the only available hall at that time. In November, PAGE 197 - ST. JOSEPH'S CATHERAL AND THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY NAME, WEST SIDE PAGE 198 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 199 1840, the bishop again visited Columbus. and on Sunday, the 21st of that month, celebrated mass, gave an instruction at the vesper service in the afternoon and lectured in the hall of representatives in the evening. During the week he lectured each evening in the courthouse, which had been completed only a short time. On the following Sunday the bishop and Father Henni, afterward archbishop of Milwaukee, officiated at the church, and in the evening the father preached in German at the courthouse. Father Young, the pastor, having expressed a desire to reside in Columbus if a house were built for him adjoining the church, the congregation took prompt measures to comply with his wishes and within one year that is by April 1, 1843had a residence ready for occupancy. Rev. Joshua M. Young was the first priest in charge after Father Juncker, but neither of them could be classed as resident priest. That distinction fell to Rev. William Schonat, whom Bishop Purcell assigned to the mission in 1843, on the petition of his Columbus parishioners. Already the little church was found inadequate to the needs of the rapidly growing congregation, and Father Schonat was obliged to say two masses on Sundays and holy days of obligation to accommodate all who attended. The pastor was also solicitous for the spiritual condition of the children of his flock and was anxious to gather them under the shadow of the church, where worldly science could be taught in union with the science of God. One of his first undertakings, therefore, was the building of a school. His efforts were heartily seconded by the congregation, and in a short time he had a frame building erected on the church lot. It was the first parochial school in Columbus and was taught by secular teachers. The present Catholic churches of Columbus are Holy Cross- The necessity of a larger and an additional church was apparent in the early `40s, and the plan of building the Holy Cross church was evolved and taken up with great enthusiasm. There were occasional discouragements and delays, but they were met and overcome. The church lot on Rich street was purchased and transferred November 10. 1845, by M. J. and L. T. Gilbert to the bishop of the diocese in trust, etc. Shortly after the work was commenced, under the direction of a building committee consisting of Maurice McGuire, John Duffy, Jacob Schoeringer, Fredolin Mutter, Anton Rolling, Cornelius Jacobs, Joseph Sattler, Peter Ury, John F. Zimmer and George Entered. The work was completed by and the edifice was dedicated January 16, 1848. Rt. Rev. Bishop Purcell was officiant at the ceremonies, assisted by Father Schonat and Fathers Young and Juncker, and Fathers Wood and Hammer. Father Wood became archbishop of Philadelphia and Father Young died bishop of Pennsylvania. The name "Holy Cross" was conferred upon the church at the earnest desire of Father Juncker, in honor of the sacred instrument of redemption. He was the first pastor of the church but was soon after promoted to a more important place at Cincinnati by Bishop Purcell. 200 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS On Sunday, June 3. 1877, after the services commemorating the Golden Jubilee of Pope Pius IX, a fire originated at the high altar, destroying it and the three thousand dollar organ and doing half that amount of other damage. The congregation set to work and gathered the means necessary to repair the damages sustained. The church was enlarged and improved and again dedicated September 23, 1877, Rt. Rev. Bishop Toebbe, of Covington, Kentucky, officiating. Vespers were sung by Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans. When the Columbus diocese was formed Bishop H. S. Rosecrans, the first bishop, appointed Father Hemsteger, a native of Westphalia, born September 24, 1827, as his vicar general. Very Rev. Father Hemsteger, during his pastorate of Holy Cross, was assisted by Rev. Francis Karrell, 1859-60; Rev. Casper Wiese, 1860-1861; Rev. Jacob Rosswog, 1861; Rev. Joseph.Soling, 1861-1862; Rev. F. X. Specht, 1864-1868; Rev. G. H. Ahrens, 1872; Rev. J. B. Eis, 1873-1876; Rev. A. Weber, 1876-1877 ; Rev. C. R. Rhode, 1877-1878. Very Rev. J. B. Hemsteger passed away from the scene of his labors, Friday, October 18, 1878. St. Patrick's- Holy Cross church is called the mother church among the Catholic churches of Columbus, being the first that was fully and symmetrically organized, with a resident pastor when services were being held in the original St. Remigius church. From Holy Cross came later the leading congregations in other parts of the city. Its congregation was divided into German and English speaking people, the Irish predominating among the latter. More room was needed to properly accommodate the Holy Cross congregation. The English speaking formed the basis of the movement for St. Patrick's church, not upon lines of prejudice, however. Through the enthusiastic labors of Father Meagher, who followed Rev. John Furlong, assigned to the mission by the Right Rev. Bishop a tract of land one hundred and eighty-seven feet square on the northeast corner of 7th (now Grant avenue) and Naghten streets was secured, and on this St. Patrick's, named for the good Irish saint was erected. The cornerstone was laid Sunday, September 5, 1852, by Rt. Rev. Bishop Purcell, and the same venerable prelate officiated at its dedication September 25, 1853. Later school buildings were erected adjoining on Mt. Vernon avenue and the Sisters of Notre Dame, Cincinnati, were put in charge of them. These sisters were the first religious community to have a home in Columbus. In 1877, St. Patrick's was repaired and largely remodeled and was duly dedicated by Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans, assisted by Rev. M. M. Meara. Rev. R. J. Fitzgerald and Rev. T. J. Lane, seminarians. St. Mary's Church, on South Third street, became a necessity because of the renewed crowded condition of Holy Cross, and the second overflow peopled St. Mary's as the first had peopled St. Patrick's. In 1863 a committee. selected for the purpose by Rev. Father Hemsteger, consisting of Louis Zettler. Peter Hinderschitt, John Ranft, Frederick Weber, Frank Wagner, Peter Boehm and Cornelius Lang to supervise the erection of a church and schoolhouse on the present site of St. Mary's. The school was CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 201. first erected and was ready for occupancy in 1865. Work was begun on the church in 1863 and was dedicated by Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans, November 30. 1868. This church is located at 694 South Third street. Sacred Heart-In 1852-3 William Phelan of Lancaster transferred to Rt. Rev. Bishop Purcell, (then having spiritual jurisdiction of Columbus) by will, four acres of land in North Columbus forming the square bounded by Summit street, First avenue, Second avenue and College street for such disposal as his discretion might direct. In due course of time and disposal it became the site of Sacred Heart church, and its allied educatory institutions. When it came within the corporate limits of the city, Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans, trustee, in 1875, commissioned Rev. John B. Eis to erect a suitable building to accommodate a new congregation that awaited such an edifice in that part of the city. Father Eis, after full consideration, decided to build a school with a large hall to be used as a church, with room to accommodate the Sisters who were to teach. The corner stone was laid September 5, 1875, by Rt. Rev. Dr. Rosecrans, and on Easter Sunday, April 16, 1876, mass was celebrated for the first time, Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans performing the dedication. In later years a pastoral residence was added and many extensive additions have been made to the original buildings. Holy Family-This church is situated in the oldest portion of the city, originally known a Franklinton. The present popular designation is the west side. Long before the organization of the city, when the canal and national road were being constructed, the missionaries occasionally visited the spot and said mass at the house of some resident Catholic. In 1865 the Sisters of the Good Shepherd founded a. convent at the corner of Sandusky and Broad, and here Catholic services were regularly held, intended, however. only for the members of the community. Immediate Catholic families were privileged to assist at mass in the private chapel. In 1871, a diocesan seminary was opened adjacent to the convent, for the fitting of young men for the priesthood. In the meantime a local congregation was spontaneously growing up. A temporary church was provided. On September 17, 1882, the cornerstone of the present edifice was laid. The building grew slowly, but none the less surely, so that on Sunday, June 2, 1889, it was dedicated by Rt. Rev. John A. Watterson, bishop of Columbus, although the side altars and pews were not in place. These and all the other accessories, in handsome red oak and side altars to harmonize with the general design. were later emplaced. The Right Rev. Bishop was assisted in the dedicatory mass by Rev. William F. Hayes . Rev. C. Rhode being deacon; Rev. B. Horsey sub-deacon : and Rev. A. A. Cush, master of ceremonies. St. Vincent de Paul-Originally at Rose avenue and East Man street the orphan asylum of St. Vincent de Paul was erected. A chapel was attached and here Catholics of the vicinity, who found it inconvenient or impossible to do s o elsewhere, could participate in the celebration of mass. The demand for greater opportunities grew so that on Sunday, July 27, 1884, the cornerstone for the present church was laid by Right Rev. Bishop. 202 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS Rev. Father John C. Goldschmidt, chaplain of the asylum and rector of the new church made wonderful efforts toward bringing the work to a happy issue, which eventuated August 9, 1885. When Rt. Rev. Bishop Watterson solemnly dedicated the edifice, mass was sung by Father Goldschmidt and the address delivered by Rev. J. Larkin, Ph. D. St. Dominic-In April, 1889, Rt. Rev. Bishop Watterson, in anticipation of a new congregation as well as for purposes of education, purchased ,six lots on the corner of Twentieth and Devoise streets. Rev. Thomas J. O'Reilly was commissioned by the Right Rev. Bishop to take supervision of the whole plan and purpose of providing for the new congregation of which he would be rector. Benninghoff Hall. on the third story of a large block at Twentieth street and Hildreth avenue, was selected for temporary occupation and Father O'Reilly sang high mass in it for the first time on Sunday, September 1, 1889. The cornerstone for the new school building to be used also for church purposes was laid by the Right Rev. Bishop, assisted by nearly all the clergy of the city. The building was completed and ready for occupancy within a year. Father O'Reilly purchased several other adjoining lots to meet the wants of the future. St. Francis Assissi-To Rev. A. M. Leyden was committed the preliminary work of organizing this congregation and providing for all suitable accommodations and shelter. To this end the Rev. Father leased the Neil Chapel, hitherto used by the Methodists at the corner of Neil avenue and Goodale street and reconstructed to meet the reverend father's ideas. On Sunday, June 19, 1892, the church was ready for Catholic services and Father Leyden celebrated high mass therein. The Right Rev. Bishop was present and delivered a suitable and inspiring address. The growth and prosperity of the church has been continuous. Churches and Rectors. St. Joseph's Cathedral, Broad and Fifth streets. Rev. M. Dl. Meara, rector: Revs. C. J. Norris and James Nevin, assistants. St. Aloysius', W. Broad street and Clarendon avenue. (Hill Top). Rev. J. J. Cahalen, rector. St. Dominic's, Twentieth and Devoise streets. Rev. T. J. O'Reilly. rector. St. Francis of Assisi, Buttles and Harrison avenues Rev. A. M. Leyden, rector; Rev. Francis J. Clarke, assistant. Holy Cross, Fifth and Rich streets. Rev, C. R. Rhode, rector; Rev. W. Robben, assistant. Holy Family, W Broad and Skidmore streets. Rev. D. A. Clarke, rector; Rev. W. M. Sullivan, assistant. Holy Name, Patterson and Adams avenues. Rev. W. McDermott, rector. Holy Rosary, Main and Seymour streets. Rev. F. W. Howard, rector. St. Leo's, Hanford and Leo Place. Rev. C. F. Kessler, rector. St. Mary's, S. Third street near Sycamore street. Rt. Rev. Mgr. Specht, V. G., rector; Rev. A. Domm and Edmund Burkley, assistants. CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 203 St. Patrick's. Seventh and Naghten streets. Rev. M Hagen. O. P., rector: Revs. W. J. O'Leary, O. P., F. L. Kelly. O. P., R. L. Rumaggi, O. P., assistants. St. John the Baptist, Lincoln and Hamlet streets. Rev. V Scovilla, rector pro tempore. St. John the Evangelist Ohio avenue and Newton street. Rev. S. Weisinger, rector. St. Peter's. York avenue. (Milo). Rev. H. Ewing, rector. Sacred Heart, First avenue and Summit street. Rev. J. B. Eis, rector; Rev. AV. Schaefer. assistant. St. Ladislaus (Magyar), S. Columbus. Rev. R, Paulovits. rector. St. Thomas'. 5th and Cassaday avenues (E. Columbus). Rev. A. J. Johnson, rector. Chapels and Chaplains. St. Anthony's Hospital. Taylor avenue and Hawthorne street. Rev. P. C. Schneider, chaplain. St. Francis of Assisi Hospital. 6th and State Streets. Rev. J. Murphy, chaplain. Deaf and Dumb Institute, E. Town street, attended from St. Mary's church. Good Shepherd Convent. W. Broad and Sandusky streets. Rev. B. Hanna, chaplain. Mt. Carmel Hospital. W. State street and Davis avenue. attended from St. Patrick's high school, Mt. Vernon avenue. St. Patrick's High School, Washington and Mt. Vernon avenues. Rev. R. J. Meaney. O. P.. chaplain : J. Healy. O. P. D. Wynn. O. P.. E. Spence, O. P.. and W. Lawler. O. P.. assistants. St. Turribius', E. Main street. attended from the Josephinum College. St. Rose's, E. Main street. attended from the Josephinum College. St. Mary's of the Springs. E. Columbus. Rev. J. D. Pendergast. O. P. chaplain. St. Vincent de Paul. E. Main street and Rose avenue. Rev. J. Goldschmidt. chaplain: Rev. J. O'Neill, assistant. Josephinum Pontifical College. E. Main street. V. Rev. Mgr. Soentgerath. chaplain. Notable Educational Institutions. St. Patrick's College and High School, Mt. Vernon avenue. Rev. R. J. Meany. O. P., president: Rev. J. H. Healy, vice-president. Revs. D. Wynn, E. Spence and W. Lawler, professors. The Pontifical College Josephinum of the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith. E. Main street. Rt. Rev. Mgr. Joseph Soentgerath, president. Sixteen other professors. St. Mary's of the Springs. Notre Dame Academy. 204 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS Diocese of Columbus. In July, 1858, the apostolic letters creating the diocese of Columbus were received by the archbishop of Cincinnati. They prescribed the boundaries and extent of the new diocese as follows: The territory of the archdiocese of Cincinnati is divided in such wise that the part of the state of Ohio which lies between the Ohio river on the east and the Scioto river on the west, with the addition of the counties of Franklin, Delaware and Morrow as far up as the southern limits of Cleveland diocese, shall belong to the new division : and the rest of the state south of Cleveland diocese, including Union. Marion and Hardin counties, remain in the archdiocese of Cincinnati. We will. also, that the see of the new cathedral be fixed in the city of Columbus and its diocese be called Columbensis, and possess all the honors, rights and privileges which other Episcopal sees possess and enjoy. These letters were dated at Rome, March 3, 1868, and named Rt. Rev. S. H. Rosecrans as first bishop of the new diocese. Bishop Rosecrans remained at St. Patrick's as pastor, and with that church as the pro-cathedral, while St. Joseph's church, now determined upon as the cathedral, was in process of construction. He was assisted in 1867-8 by Rev. George H. Ahrens, chancellor, and upon the latter's removal to Holy Cross, Rev. P. J. Daily and Rev. F. Gouesse became assistants in 1868-9. During 1869 Rev. N. A. Gallagher, Rev. J. McPhillips and Rev J. A. Rotchford, 0. P., were also stationed at St. Patrick's attending parochial duties. Father Gallagher remained until the fall of 1871, when he became president of St. Aloysius Seminary, just established on the west side, as a diocesan institution for the preparation of young men for the priesthood. Father Rotchford continued to assist until 1872. Father Gallagher was succeeded as assistant by Rev. Jeremiah A. Murray and later by Rev. William T. Hawe. St. Joseph's Cathedral. The present imposing cathedral on East Broad street was the outgrowth of the plans originally devised and expanded by Rev. Edward M. Fitzgerald, one of the most beloved of the Columbus priesthood, who was later consecrated bishop of Little Rock, and who at the time was pastor of St. Patrick's. These plans, with but few modifications, were reproduced in the architectural impressiveness of the present pile. The building is Gothic in architecture and the outside finish is known as the boasted ashlar, the chiseling of the stone relieving the dead appearance of a yellow stone wall. The stone, which possesses the property of hardening by exposure to the air, was obtained principally from quarries in Licking and Fairfield counties. The dimensions of the building are ninety-two feet fronting on Broad street and one hundred and eighty-five feet on Fifth street. The outside walls are forty-two feet in height from the ground level and thirty-four feet from the floor line. The inside or clearstory walls have an altitude of seventy feet from the ground and sixty-two from the floor. The PAGE 205 - BROAD STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AND CENTRAL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH PAGE 206 -BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 207 main walls are three feet thick. The clearstory walls, supported by arches, rest on clusters of Gothic columns, standing on dressed limes tone pedestals. Some crosses surmount the outside walls at intervals and give a decided relief to their otherwise dullness. The windows are eased in freestone obtained in Pickaway County. The brackets are cut from Columbus limestone and are about the only stone articles in the structure procured at home. The seating capacity of the cathedral is over two -thousand. On Broad street there are three main entrances and on Fifth street one. Entrance is gained to the sacristies by a door at the rear on Fifth street and from the pastoral residence. The arching of the windows and the supports of the clearstory carry out the directions of General W. S. Rosecrans, who, in the summer of 1870, spent some time with his brother, the Right Rev. Bishop, assisting in the details of the construction. The windows, all donated, are of stained glass in beautiful designs. Pending the completion of the. cathedral edifice the cathedral congregation was organized, and for a short time occupied Naughton Hall on the east side of High, between State and Town streets. On Christmas day, 1872, the cathedral was ready for divine services, and Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans celebrated pontifical mass. The 20th of October, 1870, was an ideal autumn day. The coolness of the advancing season was just sufficiently moderated by the genial warmth of the bright sun to render the day all that could be desired for the occasion so anxiously anticipated by thousands who came from far and near to participate in it. The faultless arrangement of the committees having the various portions of the celebration in charge insured perfect success. The consecration ceremonies began at five o'clock in the morning and occupied nearly four hours. The consecrator was Rt. Rev. Joseph Dwenger, of Fort Wayne, Indiana; assistant priest, Rev. J. B. Schmitt, Lancaster; first deacon. Rev. G. H. Ahrens; second deacon, Rev. H. B. Dues: subdeacon, Rev. M. M. A. Hartnedy; chanters, Rev. J. B. Eis. Rev. P. Kenmert, Rev. F. Moitrier, Rev. P. Thurheimer. Other offices were filled by seminarians and sanctuary' boys. The beautiful and interesting ceremony was carried out in its entirety under the direction of Very Rev. N. A. Gallagher as master of ceremonies, assisted by Mr. L. W. Mulhane, now the rector of St. Vincent de Paul's Church, Mount Vernon. The decorations of the auditoriums and the sanctuary were in keeping with the grand and festive occasion and elicited the admiration of all. There have been four bishops (biographical sketches of whom appear elsewhere), of the Columbus diocese in the following order: First, Rt. Rev. Bishop Sylvester Horton Rosecrans, born in Homer, Licking county, February 5. 1827, became the first bishop of the diocese in July, 1868, having received the papal letters. etc.. March 3. 1868: second, Rt. Rev. Bishop John Ambrose Watterson, born in Pennsylvania in 1844, was consecrated as the successor of Rt. Rev. Bishop Rosecrans in 1880: third, Rt. Rev. Bishop Henry Moeller was consecrated bishop and duly installed in 1900: and fourth, Rt. Rev. James J. Hartley. born in Columbus in 1858. was consecrated bishop in his own parish church in Steubenville. Ohio, February 2 .5, 1904. 208 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS THE UNIVERSALIST CHURCH Organized 1845. Previous to 1844 there had been itinerant Universalist ministers in Columbus and they held services, but not until 1844 was a congregation brought together. In that year the following persons signed a. declaration to unite and support a church of that faith: Demas Adams, John Feld, John. Green wood, N. Merion, N. Wallace, Philip Reed, William Bambrough, James W. Osgood. Hiram Loveland, Smithson E. Wright, J. C. Armstrong, W. A. Standish, E. R. Hill. H. H. Kimball, Allen Hogan. Frederick Cole, H. McMaster, William C. Preston. Leonard Humphrey, William Richards. Enos Doolittle, William F. Wheeler, S. A. Preston, Susan Adams, Adeline Kimball, Mary Bambrough, Sarah J. Reed, Amelia Richards, Elizabeth Cadawollader, Catherine G. Dalsell, Elsey Preston, Catherine P. Preston. Matilda Wright, Catherine Bancroft, Elizabeth M. Field, Amanda Martin, Sophia P. Kelton, Ellen Loveland, Catharine D. Doolittle, Harriet Bancroft, Mary Eberly, Catharine N. Humphrey and Harriet Osgood. In 1845 the church was incorporated by act of the general assembly of Ohio. John Greenwood, John Field, James W. Osgood, Demas Adams and William Bambrough constituted the first board of trustees, and Rev. N. Doolittle was the first pastor, beginning his pastorate in 184.5. Among his successors have been Rev. Thomas Gorman, Rev. J. S. Cantwell. Rev. A. W. Bruce, Rev. W. S. Ralph, Rev. T. P. Abel, Rev. Mr. Gifford, Rev. N. M. Gaylord, Rev. Mr. Upson, Rev. Mr. Harris, Rev. William M. Jones and Rev. Dr. E. L. Rexford. The German St. Paul church on Third street was purchased by the society and occupied until 1884, when it was sold and the present edifice on State street was erected, which was dedicated in 1891. About the same time Mrs. Lucy M. Stedman presented the society with a beautiful pastor's home on Twentieth street. THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH Organized 1852. The First Congregational Church, of the city of Columbus was organized on the 29th of September, 1852. under the name of the Third Presbyterian church. It was composed of forty-two members, dismissed at their own request from the Second Presbyterian church. It adopted rules of government substantially Congregational, and its membership, with perhaps two or three exceptions, were all such. The legal organization of the society was effected the day previous. A neat frame building had been erected on Third street. a short distance north of Broad, and was dedicated July 11, of the same year. Rev. W. H. Marble was chosen pastor early in the following winter and resigned his office in January, 1856. Rev. Anson Smythe. with great acceptance. acted as pastor during the eight months preceding November 1. 1856. On the 3d of November, 1856, the name of the church, by unanimous consent and wish, was changed to that of First Congregational church of CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 209 Columbus. Rev. John M. Steele, having been unanimously called to become its pastor was installed on the 7th of November, 1856. Mr. Steele died in New York city in April following, much regretted by the church and all who had made his acquaintance. In the summer and fall of 1857, the society erected their present brick church on Broad street, and it was dedicated on "Forefather's Day," December 22, 1857. Rev. N. A. Hyde accepted a call from the church and was officiating in 1858, and the number of members accredited to the church a half century ago, in its sixth year, was one hundred and forty-two. As already suggested it was of Presbyterian lineage, and, as Mrs. Abram Brown, the bright and versatile historian of the church, aptly says, "bore the family name for four years." Dr. Lyman Beecher, a Congregationalist, and Rev. James Hoge, Presbyterian, sought to keep up the bars confining it within the Presbyterian pasturage, but to no avail. The metamorphosis of 1856-the putting aside the name of Presbyterian and assuming that of Congregational was a mere formality and in no way interfered with the personnel of the membership. Rev. William H. Marble ministered to the flock in the little Third street sheepfold. and all things spiritual, financial and material prospered under his earnest and simple ministrations. Almost one hundred' members were added to the roll in a single year. Dr. Marble resigned in 1856, with one hundred and fifty-eight enlistments to the credit of his pastorate. Rev. Anson Smythe, state commissioner of common schools, acted as supply until the installation of Rev. J. M. Steele, of Strathon, New Hampshire, was installed, November 7, 1856, the Rev. Dr. Storrs, of Brooklyn, preaching the sermon. Dr. Steele, while on a visit to New York, died of smallpox April 5, 1857. The new church on its present site was dedicated in December following sixty-three feet front on Broad and one hundred and twenty feet deep. Rev. Anson G. Smythe again supplied the pulpit, during the interregnum, for several months, while Rev. Nathaniel W. Hyde acted as a stated supply. In November, 1858, Rev. Henry B. Elliott, of New Haven, was installed as pastor, in which relation he continued until 1860, when he resigned. Rev. E. P. Goodwin, engaged in missionary work, was called in June. 1860. and came and was installed in February, 1861. He resigned to accept the call of the First Congregational church, Chicago, in 1867. A short and successful pastorate by Rev. George W. Phillip followed. He was called, accepted and was installed May 10, 1868, and resigned in September, 1871, to accept a call from the Plymouth Congregational church, Worcester, Massachusetts. One of his admonitions, later carried out in spirit, if not in letter, was to rebuild and adorn the church edifice. In 1872 Rev. Robert G. Hutchins was installed as pastor and during his pastorate additional ground was bought west of the church, and the building extended and remodeled. Dr. Hutchins continued his ministry till 1882, when to the regret of his flock, he resigned to accept a call to the Plymouth church, Minneapolis. The resolutions adopted by the church breathed the highest esteem for the retiring pastor. The vacancy caused by 210 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS the retirement of Dr. Hutchins was filled for some months by Dr. Walter Q. Scott, of the Ohio University. In 1882, Dr. Washington Gladden, of Springfield. Massachusetts, was called to the vacant pulpit, and in March, 1883, he was installed. From that day to this he has spoken for himself, no less. in wider idea, to the whole community as to his own flock. Under him the church has broadened and expanded, and the influence of the society has extended far and wide in many channels. The membership was from four hundred and eighty-four in 1884, after thirty years of existence, to nine hundred and sixty-nine in 1897. There were three other English-speaking Congregational churches in Columbus, when Dr. Gladden came into the field. Two were alive but the third was apparently moribund. All are now living and flourishing. In 1886 the remodeling of the First church building became necesary for lack of available space. A new front was added. and a modest, but none the less striking tower was builded. All the essentials acid accessories to church work were called into existence and the response thereto is eloquent in their visible testimonials. The parish of the First. Congregational church is coextensive with the city, the Sunday school work .systematic and successful. Woman's work in every department of the field is also entitled to special mention and commendation, and the church as a whole is most favorably situated and environed. The branches now number seven, and, with the parent church. are located as follows: Broad, between High and Third. Dr. Washington Gladden, D.D.; Eastwood, Twenty-first street. near Broad: Mayflower. northwest corner Main and Ohio, Rev. Harvey C. Colburn ; North, corner East and Blake avenues, Rev. T. G. Nichols; Plymouth. Fourth avenue west of High. Rev. E. Lee Howard; South, northwest corner Stewart and High. Rev. J. L. Davies; Washington Avenue (Welsh), corner Washington avenue and Gay. Rev. J. Morgan Thomas; West Goodale, 445 West Goodale. THE JEWISH CHURCH Organized 1852. B'Nai Israel congregation is the reformed Jewish church of Columbus. in the sense that it teaches both the letter and the spirit of the law. rather than the letter alone as is the case with the orthodox Jews. throughout the world wherever found and not inconsiderably represented in Columbus. The organization of the orthodox church, if organization in the modern sense exists, is not characterized by efficient cohesion, as is the case with the reformed. In the one case it is the commonwealth: in the other scattered tabernacles. Both are democratic with the practical democratic idea with the reformers. Between the two branches of the tree there is but little antagonism differences of opinions and forms, seldom gravitating to religious bitterness and vindictiveness. The spirit that has endured the persecutions of centuries in almost every land, except America, is not apt to flame into resentment PAGE 211 - BROAD ST. PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, TRINITY CHURCH, JEWISH TEMPLE, ST. JOSEPH'S CATHEDRAL AND FRIST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH PAGE 212 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 213 and violence because of variance of tenets. The orthodox branch or branches of the church in America comprise the more recent emigrants of the faith, while the reformed are more thoroughly Americanized by long residence and education. This dividing line between the two, however, is not hard and fast, but obtains as a generalization. Mr. I. M. Schlesinger gives the following account, in Colonel Alfred E. Lee's History of Columbus, 1892, of the origin of Congregation B'Nai Israel Judah Nusbaum, a native of Bavaria, Germany, arrived here in the year 1838; Nathan and Joseph Gundersheimer in 1840. All three were traveling traders and made their headquarters in Columbus until a few years later, when they commenced a general store in the Walcutt building, at the corner of High and Town streets. Simon Mack, S. Lazarus and three brothers, Samuel, Hess and Abraham Amburg, came here to reside in the year 1844. In 1847 came Breidenstuhl, of Rochester; S. Schwaibe, S. Morrison and a half-brother of S. Lazarus named Aaronson. In 1849 all of the gentlemen above named united in starting a congregation under the title of B'Nai Jeshuren, this being an orthodox society, and S. Lazarus, a merchant clothier, officiating without remuneration, as their rabbi. Their first meeting place was an upstairs room in the building now known as the Twin Brothers clothing store, and the president of the congregation was Nathan Gundersheimer. Two brothers named Schrier, who resided here about the year 1848, were joined by a third brother from California in 1849. All three died with the cholera, these being the only Hebrews who perished with that dread disease in Columbus. The first Jewish wedding which took place in this city was that of Joseph Gundersheimer on July 9, 1849. The next rabbi was Joseph Goodman, who officiated until 1855, when Rev. Samuel Weil, of Cincinnati, was called here. At that time the congregation met in a hall above the present Siebert gun store, on South High street. Other rabbis succeeded in the following order: Rev. S. Goodman, Rev. Mr. Wetterhahn and Rev. Mr. Rosenthal. During the terms of the last two the congregation met at Walcutt's Hall. The members not harmonizing well, nineteen of them withdrew during the spring of 1870 from the Congregation B'Nai Jeshuren and started the congregation of B'Nai Israel, which was organized at the meeting held April 24, 1870. At that meeting Nathan Gundersheimer was chosen chairman and S. Amburg, Louis Kahn and Judah Nusbaum were elected trustees for one year. At a meeting of the trustees Jacob Goodman was chosen secretary, Joseph Gundersheimer treasurer and Nathan Gundersheimer president. The old congregation was dissolved. Following the dissolution of the old and the organization of the new congregation, steps were taken to erect a permanent house in which to worship. A lot on the corner of Main (formerly Friend) street and Third was purchased and a handsome brick temple was erected, under supervision of Nathan and Joseph Gundersheimer and Jacob Goodman building committee. The corner stone was laid with imposing ceremonies May 15, 1870. On September 16, 1870, the completed temple was ceremoniously dedicated, and the congregation continued to worship there during the closing years of 214 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS the nineteenth century, at the turn of which the property was disposed of and ground was broken for the beautiful temple of the congregation B'Nai Israel an Bryden Road, between Eighteenth and Nineteenth streets, which was dedicated and occupied in 1904-5. Rabbi David Klein officiated at the corner-stone laying and the dedication, and was, for a long period, rabbi of the congregation. That office is now filled by Rev. Joseph S. Kornfeld. Aguedas Achim, 464 South Fifth street, and The Tree of Life, same number, both under the supervision of Rabbi N. Silverman, are orthodox branches and the House of Jacob, organized but not permanently located, is a third orthodox branch. The I. 0. 0. B. lodge is a Jewish secret society, there being several lodges in the city, the ceremonies being partly religious. THE CHURCH OF CHRIST (DISCIPLES) Organized 1872. The first church of this people in Columbus was organized in 1871-2, with about twenty-five charter members and at first a small frame church built at the corner of Third and Gay streets, which soon gave way to a modern brick building, where the church met until 1905, when it was sold and the present handsome structure at the corner of Broad and Twenty-first streets erected. The present membership of the Broad street church is almost one thousand. During his incumbency of the office of governor of Ohio, Hon. Richard M. Bishop attended and was a communicant of this church. President James A. Garfield, when a visitor in Columbus, attended its services and sometimes spoke. Each church of these people is a unit-all are independent of each as units but are a whole in brotherhood. There are at this time six churches in the city, namely: Broad Street, corner Broad and Twenty-first street.(formerly Central), Walter Scott Priest, pastor. West Fourth avenue, near Neil, Walter Mansell, pastor. Chicago avenue, near West Broad street, C. M. Arthur, pastor. Wilson avenue, near Mound street, 0. P. McMahon, pastor. South Side, Wood avenue and Sixth street, W. F. Nuzum, pastor. Some Independent Organizations. The following separate church organizations were formed at different periods, but nearly, if not quite all of them, are now merged with some on( of the modern church organizations, incidentally if not directly 1821, German Lutheran Reformed. 1846, the German Reformed. 1848 Trinity German Evangelical Lutheran. 1842-3, German Evangelical Protestants. 1858, German Evangelical Church. 1840, Colored Baptists. 1847 Anti-Slavery Baptists (colored). Some Minor Church Organizations. United Brethren, First Avenue church, southwest corner First and Pennsylvania avenues. CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 215 Olive Branch Church, southwest corner Long and Fifth streets. Camp Chase Friends Church, corner West Broad and Wilson Pike. Quakers and Friends, southeast corner Fifth avenue and Fourth street. Hungarian, First, East Livingston street; Hungarian, German, 70 East Mound street. Church of Christ, corner Neil and Fourth avenues. Seventh Day Adventists, 84 South Ohio avenue. Spiritualist Church, State and Sixth streets. West Side Spiritualists. 7 7 McDowell street. All Souls' Church, State and Sixth streets. Missions and Religious Benefices. All Saints for D. D. pupils and others, 136 East Broad. Antioch Home, 844 East Spring. Bethany House, 663 Delaware avenue. Christian-Missionary-alliance Mission, 694 Mount Vernon. Rev. I. Patterson, pastor. City Mission, 258 East Livingston. City Park Avenue Mission, 846 City Park avenue. Cold Water Band Mission, 328 Spruce street. Disciple's Church Mission, Broad, west of Princeton. Donaldson Street Mission, Donaldson and Sixth. East Fifth Avenue Mission, corner Fifth avenue and Parker. Fourfold Gospel Mission, 878 Mount Vernon avenue. Goodale Street Congregational Mission, 455 West Goodale. Goodale Street Union Mission, 399 West Goodale. Gospel Meetings, 599 Mount Vernon avenue. Grace Lutheran Mission, Broad and Martin. Haigs Mission, 404 Canal. Holiness Mission, South Sixth, north of Innis avenue. Nelson Memorial Mission, Mount Vernon and Taylor avenue. Hannah Neil Mission, 727 East Main, Belle Patterson, matron. Hope Mission, 385 Park. Non-Sectarian Mission, 900 North High street. Salvation Army Corps, 1161-2 South High street. Seventh Street Union, 468 South Seventh. Soul Winning Mission, 370 Reeb avenue. Third Street Union, 276-278-280 North Third. Rev. James Haig, superintendent. Union Mission Association; 778 East Mound, with branches, 276 North Third, 645 South Seventh, 385 and 488 West Goodale, 846 City Park avenue, 404 Canal; with lodging department at 272 North Third. Volunteers of America. 108 1-2 East Long. Welcome Mission, 373 West Rich. Rev. Wl. N. Leach in charge. West Side (U. B.) Mission. 965 West Broad. 216 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS CHURCH OF CHRIST, SCIENTIST Organized 1896. This is the most recent distinctive church organization in Columbus, and dates from the 19th day of November, 1893, when the legal certificate of incorporation was issued by and from the office of Hon. Samuel M. Taylor, secretary of state. The first public meeting of the seven persons who, later, became the founders and incorporators of the First Church of Christ, Scientist, Columbus, Ohio, was held at No. 408 Oak street on the first Sunday of December, 1895. Those present at and participating in that meeting were. in the order of the record, Mrs. Mary S. Moler. Mrs. Mary Tyler. Miss Emma L. Jones, Mrs. Jane Metters, Mrs. Alice S. B. Taylor. Mrs. Elvira W. Spaulding and Mr. Melville C. Spaulding. Regular Sunday meetings at 10:30 A. M. were held at the same street number in the parlors of Mrs. Jane Metters, until April 5, 1896, the attendance regularly increasing. The permanent organization was completed and the certificate of incorporation taken out, as stated, and the preceding named became the incorporators. Immediately plans were made and steps taken to raise a building fund and the erection of a church edifice. So large had become the attendance that it became necessary to secure a hall for the meetings. suitable room was leased in the Board of Trade building on East Broad street, and here, from April 12, 1896, regular services were held until December, 1897. To meet the still growing demand for sittings, Wells Post Hall. G. A. R.. on High street opposite the state house, was secured, and here Sunday forenoon and evening services were conducted regularly until November 25, 1903, when the first meeting of the congregation was held at the present First church edifice on East Broad street, near the intersection of Grant avenue. On May 7, 1896, the following trustees were elected in pursuance with the requirements of the articles of incorporation : Mrs. Mary T. Moler. Mrs. Jane Metters, Mrs. Mary Tyler, Mrs. G. E. Work. Miss Emma L. Jones. Mrs. Caroline M. Barcus and Melville C. Spaulding. Officers : Melville C. Spaulding. president; Mrs. Caroline M. Barcus, secretary; hiss Emma L. Jones. treasurer. First reader, Melville C. Spaulding ; second reader. Mrs. Elvira W. Spaulding. A Sunday school which had been organized at the Board of Trade rooms, continued without intermission and is now held in the church auditorium immediately preceding the forenoon services. In 1900 reading rooms were established in the Schultz building on North High street. These rooms for the accommodation of inquiries and to distribute literature are now located in the Broad street church building and are open to the public every weekday from 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. A building committee was appointed by the trustees October 12, 1899, to take up the general subject of securing the means ance site for the erection of a church edifice. On November 27, 1901, the committee purchased the valuable lot on East Broad on which the church now stands. Ground was broke on the morning of Good Friday, 1903. and the building. was completed in November of the same year. All bills in connection with the erection PAGE 217 - FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AND FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST SCIENTIST PAGE 218 - BLANK CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS - 219 of the church were called for by the treasurer and paid on Saturday of each week. It is noted that not a single accident of any kind occurred during the erection of the building. The first service was held in the church on Wednesday evening, November 25, 1903, and the first Sunday service on the 29th of that month. In compliance with the inflexible rule of the church, the edifice was not dedicated until it was free from debt and liabilities. All these were discharged May 22, 1907, and the church was dedicated with simple and informal services June 9, 1907. The total cost for real estate, erection of edifice, etc., was approximately twenty-seven thousand dollars, and the present value of the property is probably above that figure. Under the by-law of the Central or Mother church at Boston, the number of members may not be given out. The average attendance at the services morning and evening is from three hundred and fifty to four hundred, and the seating capacity is frequently taxed to accommodate the entire audience. From September to July Sunday evening services are held for the further accommodation of attendants. In 1908, the Second Church of Christ, Scientist, Columbus, was incorporated in the office of the secretary of state. In due time funds will be raised and a church edifice erected as quietly as was the erection and occupation of the First church accomplished. A Christian Scientist society is organized and holds regular Sunday and Wednesday evening services at "The Parsons," on Parsons avenue near Bryden Road. This society, however, is not in connection with the incorporation of the Second Church of Christ. Scientist. But in the fullness of time it will probably grow into a church organization with its own name. The present trustees and officers of the First church are : Mr. Effie J. Harris, Mr. Robert A. Magley, Miss Elizabeth Flack, Mr. J. F. Angell. Hiss Elizabeth H. Monsarrat, Mr. E. A. Reeder, Mr. C. W. Brandon, Mr. W. J. Hawk, Mr. Delbert Alonzo Crowner. Officers : president, Robert A. Magley clerk, E. A. Reeder; treasurer, W. B. Wood; librarian, Mrs. Arabella Stover. First Church of Christ, Scientist : E. Broad street, near Grant avenue. First Reader: Delbert Alonzo Crowner. Second Reader: Elizabeth H. Monsarrat. The main reading room of the church was removed in July, 1908, from the Broad Street church to suite 900. Columbus Savings & Trust building, High and Long, for the accommodation of the public and for commercial travelers. CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SOCIETY Organized 1906. A Christian Science society was organized at the residence of Mr. H. Howard Butler and wife, September 5, 1906. by the following persons: H. Howard Butler. Mrs. Grace Butler, Miss Bertha Butler, Mrs. Mary E. Reid, Harry J. 220 - CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF COLUMBUS Bradshaw, Mrs. Florence Jones Badshaw and H. E. Walter. They were, at a subsequent meeting, chosen as a board of trustees, the officers of the board being: president, Mrs. Grace Butler; secretary and treasurer, Mr. H. E. Walter. Christian Science society, "The Parsons,'' Parson's avenue, near Bryden Road. First Reader: H. Howard Butler: Second Reader: Mrs. brace Butler. Services 10:30 a. m. Sunday testimonial meetings, Wednesday evening 7:30. (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE)